What happened in Cedar Rapids in 2008 that makes snowmelt a local concern?
The City of Cedar Rapids records that the 2008 Cedar River flood followed spring snowmelt and several rounds of heavy rain in the days before the June 13 crest of 31.12 feet. The sequence shows how much water a thaw can add to a river that is already rising.
A river that is fed by melting snow and rain does not rise on one day and fall on the next. The city's account describes a sequence of water arriving in stages, and a homeowner who lives in the flood footprint should think of a thaw as one of the stages rather than as the end of the danger.
The lesson for a house is the same whether the water comes from the river or from the ground. Saturated soil keeps pressing on the foundation after the snow has gone, and a cellar that held water once is more likely to hold it again when the ground is wet.
Why does a cellar that stayed dry all winter flood in the spring?
Frozen ground can keep water from soaking in during the winter, and the snow hides the ground's condition. When the ground thaws and the snowpack melts, the water moves into soil that has been frozen, and it can reach the foundation within days.
Meltwater that runs off the roof, the driveway and the lawn often collects at the foundation. A downspout that empties at the wall, a slope that drains toward the house or a window well that has not been cleared can each send water to the cellar at the thaw.
The water may also enter slowly, through a joint or a crack that stayed closed while the ground was frozen. Once the soil is wet and the pressure builds, the water can seep in for days, so a wet spot that appears after the thaw should be checked again after the next rain.
How can a homeowner tell snowmelt from a leak?
Snowmelt usually shows as water along a wall, at a window well or across the floor near the foundation, and it tends to appear after a thaw or a rain. A supply-line leak is more often at one spot near a pipe or fixture, and it does not usually match the weather.
The pattern of the water is the clearest clue. Meltwater often follows the foundation line and collects at the lowest point of the floor, while a pipe leak tends to drip from a fitting or spread from the place where a line runs through the ceiling.
If the source is still unclear after the crew has pumped and dried the space, the leak-detection page describes the checks used to trace hidden water, and the crew can note the spots that need a closer look.
What should a homeowner check after the thaw?
After a thaw, check the sump pit, the window wells, the downspouts and the grading near the foundation. Look at the walls for new stains and at the floor drain for standing water, and keep a note of anything that is wet.
A sump that runs constantly, or that fills faster than it empties, is a sign that the pump cannot keep up with the water. A pump that has stopped working is just as serious, because the water will rise in the pit and spread into the floor.
A dated photograph of each wet spot is the simplest record. It shows where the water appeared and how it changed over the following weeks, and it gives a crew and an insurer a clear picture to work from.
What moves the cost of snowmelt cleanup up or down?
The depth of the water, how long it stood, how many spots it reached, the amount of stored material and the finishes in the cellar move the cost most. The number of entry points to trace also matters. The price is explained and approved before work starts, and no figure is given here.
A cellar with a single wet band and a clean floor is a short job. A finished basement where meltwater has reached carpet, paneling and a furnace takes longer, because each surface must be measured and dried and the electrical side must be checked.
A crawl space or a window well adds time when access is tight. A crew that has to work through a small opening or a low crawl space needs more time on site, and the estimate is given after the crew has seen the spot.